Nutritional rules for gastritis

Gastritis is considered a common disease that affects both adults and children.Treatment of inflammation of the gastric mucosa should be comprehensive: it includes medications recommended by the doctor, physical therapy and a healthy lifestyle.The leading role in the treatment of pathology is given to dietary nutrition - a diet for gastritis can smooth out unpleasant symptoms and prevent further deterioration of the patient's condition.

Nutrition for gastritis: basic principles

Diet is a special diet.It includes food, meals and drinks that protect the gastric mucosa and can adjust the intensity of gastric juice secretion.

When gastritis has not yet caused pathologies in the stomach wall and manifests itself at low intensity, a balanced diet is sufficient to overcome the disease.

Diets for gastritis are not just a list of allowed and prohibited foods.

This is a special approach to nutrition that involves adhering to important principles:

• Food restriction in the first two days of the acute phase of the disease.Some doctors recommend completely abstinence from food in the first hours of exacerbation and organizing a fasting day.Cold, weak tea and mineral water are allowed.This approach will allow the stomach to "rest" from digesting food and restore its functionality.
• From the second day of exacerbation, the diet includes liquid oatmeal, jelly, low-fat mashed potatoes with water and a soft-boiled egg.
• You need to eat fractionally, in small portions throughout the day.The optimal regimen is 5-6 meals every 3-4 hours.It is not allowed to increase the number of “approaches” and take long breaks between them.You should also not eat at night;Your last meal should be 3 hours before bedtime.
• You should drink liquids (tea, juices, water) at least half an hour after eating.Water reduces the concentration of gastric juices, thus making digestion difficult.It is allowed to drink a glass of mineral water before meals.
• If possible, eat unsalted foods and try to cook foods without salt.
• One-component dishes for gastritis are preferable, in which several products are not mixed at the same time.Food should be simple and healthy so that the stomach is not overloaded.
• When eating, you need to thoroughly chew each bite and each spoon - the food will already be pre-processed in the oral cavity and it will be easier for the stomach to cope with digestion.
• There is a strict ban on dry food and snacks on the go or in a hurry.
• In acute conditions, the ban applies to all raw vegetables and fruits.
• The temperature of the food should be comfortable;Hot or cold foods irritate the stomach even more.
• It is better to prepare food for gastritis for no more than 2 days.If food is stored for longer periods of time, its nutritional value is lost and most of the beneficial vitamins are destroyed.
• Ready meals should only be stored in the refrigerator and heated to a suitable temperature before eating.
• Use only fresh produce purchased from trusted retail outlets for cooking.Otherwise, severe poisoning and food poisoning may be added to gastritis.
• Choose products that do not contain preservatives, dyes, harmful food additives and flavor enhancers.

Patients with gastritis should not give up physical activity.On the contrary, moderate exercise, swimming and yoga will help speed up the digestion of food.Special attention should also be paid to a healthy lifestyle - do not smoke, do not drink alcoholic beverages, follow the daily routine.

What can you eat if you have gastritis?

Any diet, including for gastroenteritis, should provide the body with a sufficient amount of nutrients and energy, be comprehensive and rational.

The acute illness diet has many restrictions, but the list of products is usually extensive.

porridge

They are considered the most useful product for gastritis patients.Regardless of the form of the disease, everyone should start the morning with porridge.They are rich in carbohydrates, provide the body with energy and microelements, and improve the functions of the stomach and intestines due to their fiber content.

• Oatmeal in the form of flakes is food number 1 on the list of allowed foods for gastritis.The liquid consistency of porridge cooked in water or milk helps relieve stomach cramps and relieve inflammation.Oatmeal is consumed as a side dish or dessert with the addition of sugar, permitted fruits and dried fruits.
• Semolina - boils quickly and has a slimy consistency, promotes accelerated breakdown of carbohydrates, fats and protein.
• Millet.Millet porridge is rough even after cooking, so it is better to take it in small quantities and you should avoid it if you have hyperacid gastritis.
• Rice is a soft grain that, after cooking, forms mucus that coats the stomach walls.Porridge made from mashed rice can be eaten during exacerbation of gastritis with low and high acidity.If the disease is accompanied by constipation, you should not eat rice.
• Barley porridge covers the gastric mucosa well.But you need to prepare it correctly - boil it in water, waiting for the cereal to boil completely, while maintaining the liquid consistency of the dish.
• Buckwheat is a panacea for high acidity.Buckwheat cooked in the form of milk soup is healthy;It is rich in protein and iron.
• Wheat porridge is allowed in the remission phase of the disease, since hard grains are poorly digested and irritate the stomach.When cooking, the porridge is completely boiled and becomes slimy.

First courses for gastritis

Soups included in the diet should be cooked in weak broth.Bones, fatty meat and spices are not used in cooking.The ingredients of the soup should be chopped very finely, ideally pureed.To make the dish thicker, you can add toasted wheat flour.Soups made from oatmeal and rice cereals with the addition of vegetable oil, but without butter, are slimy.

What to eat in the first course for gastritis:

• Rice and milk porridge soup with vegetable broth;
• Potato soup with carrots and olive oil;
• Slimy soup with lean meat and parsley rice;
• Chicken soup with carrots, potatoes and dill;
• Pumpkin puree soup with water or vegetable broth;
• Low-fat fish soup made from sea bass with parsley and carrots;
• Borscht with beef broth - beets are boiled and added to the dish after cooking.

Using your imagination and combining the types of foods allowed for gastritis, you can prepare a variety of delicious and healthy soups.

Fish and meat when gastritis

Fish is considered the body's main protein supplier;Moreover, its meat is digested quickly and does not overload the digestive system.Omega-3 unsaturated fatty acids repair damaged gastric epithelium and act as an antioxidant.

The benefits of fish for gastritis depend on its fat content and preparation method.It is allowed to consume only low-fat types of fish: pollock, hake, pike perch, navaga, sea lemon and flounder.The product should be eaten only after heat treatment, except for frying.Fish can be steamed or slow-cooked, eaten boiled, or made into steamed fish cutlets, meatballs, soufflés, and fish soup.

Salted fish for gastritis is prohibited, but in the remission phase it is allowed to eat small amounts of herring only at home.In this case, you can independently control the amount of salt in the product and not harm the stomach.

Meat is a heavy product and is difficult for the body to digest.But moderate dietary meat dishes will help restore the gastric mucosa due to the protein supply.Types of meat allowed include rabbit, turkey, chicken and beef.But with one condition: the product must be low-fat and not fried.It is better to boil or steam meat before eating;During the remission phase, you are allowed to eat cooked meat products.It is preferable to grind the meat into minced meat - so it is digested faster - and use it to make cutlets, meatballs, zraz, quenelle and meatballs.

Doctors recommend not mixing meat with other foods, otherwise the stomach may not be able to handle the food.

vegetables

Raw vegetables are allowed to be consumed only during the period of remission of the disease.At the same time, gastroenterologists recommend keeping a food diary, which will note the body's reaction to each type.Vegetables should not contain coarse fibers that will irritate the stomach walls.They need to be boiled or stewed.

What you can eat with gastritis:

• Orange and red vegetables - zucchini, squash, carrots, yellow peppers, yellow tomatoes, beets and red potatoes;
• Green vegetables - Brussels sprouts, asparagus, bell peppers, peas and young onions;
• White and purple - eggplant, cauliflower, parsnips and potatoes.

For gastritis with high acidity, green vegetables should be limited.Except for exacerbation of pathology, you can eat peeled and grated cucumbers.Vegetables can be used to prepare not only soups, but also delicious purees, soufflés, side dishes, casseroles and casseroles.

Fruits, berries, melons

List of "fruits" that you can and cannot eat with gastritis,It contains the following fruits:

• Apples.For any acidity of the stomach, you should buy only sweet varieties and eat them without peels and seeds.Baked apples are considered a dietary food - they contain a large amount of vitamins and pectin, which improve digestion and improve health.
• Banana.A universal product for all types of gastritis.But in the acute stage you should not eat more than one banana per day: half in the morning and half in the evening.Only fruits with light yellow skin are suitable for eating - overripe and green bananas can cause a feeling of heaviness and discomfort in the stomach.
• Pear.They are considered a harmless and beneficial product for the digestive system.They normalize intestinal function and remove toxins.
• Watermelon and melon.Melon in small quantities can be included in the diet, but early varieties cannot be included.Only fruits sold until the end of August are suitable for food - they contain less nitrates.
• Raspberry.You can eat it in moderate amounts in ground form;It is especially useful for reducing stomach acidity.Fruits compensate for the lack of B vitamins and minerals.
• Sweet cherries are allowed for all types of stomach pathologies.

All fresh berries and fruits contain acid that can irritate the stomach lining.The list below contains the safest fruits.But it is better if they are subjected to heat treatment before being included in the diet.

You can make delicious fruit drinks, jellies and compotes from fruits, baked pears and apples.There is an exception for pathologies with inadequate secretion - these patients can eat citrus fruits, berries and berries raw.It is better to eat berries separately from the first and second courses to avoid fermentation.

milk and eggs

Dairy products should be included in the diet for gastritis.As a standalone drink, whole milk is consumed in moderation - it is difficult to break down and takes a long time to digest.It is better to add it to tea, porridge and soups.Goat milk will be beneficial for gastritis.It is believed that it can relieve inflammation of internal organs.

Cottage cheese also has a good effect.It is used to prepare casseroles, baked cheesecakes and lazy dumplings.If you want, you can eat fresh cottage cheese - just strain it through a fine sieve.

It is allowed to consume hard cheeses (soft and unsalted) in minimal doses.Allowed products include fermented baked milk and low-fat sour cream, yoghurt and acidophilus.

Eggs are used to make omelettes, steamed, boiled, but not hard-boiled, and no more than one egg per day.

Flour and sweets

Crackers and stale white bread have a good effect on the gastric mucosa.Rusks can be soaked in weak tea.Every other day, you are allowed to add chocolate-free sugar-free cookies or sugar-free donuts to your diet.You can eat pasta and noodles as a side dish.

Allowed sweets:

• sweetie;
• Semolina puddings;
• Homemade sweet fruit jam;
• Curd soufflé;
• Jelly from natural fruits;
• Non-acidic dried fruits are soaked in warm water.

drinks

The following fruit and vegetable juices are allowed for gastritis: sweet apple, cherry, pear, peach, cabbage, tomato and potato.Fruit juices should be diluted with cold water and drunk warm.

Rosehip decoction, green tea, weak black tea with milk, compote, still mineral water, jelly are useful for stomach problems.

What not to do with gastritis

A properly structured anti-inflammatory diet includes avoiding foods that irritate the walls of the stomach, making digestion difficult and causing excessive fermentation.For any type of gastritis, the following is prohibited:

• Rye and freshly baked bread;
• chips;
• All strong fatty broths;
• Okroshka;
• Classic borscht with tomatoes and roast;
• fried dishes with meat and fish;
• Smoked meats, sausages and sausages;
• Oily fish types, including canned ones;
• Spicy salty hard cheeses;
• glazed cheese curds;
• Sour cream and high fat cream;
• Ice cream;
• Cakes and pastries;
• Among these, grape and fruit juice;
• Cabbage;
• Turnip and radish;
• Onion;
• All kinds of mushrooms;
• Legumes;
• Swede;
• Canned, pickled vegetables and pickles;

• Coffee – brewed and instant;
• Strongly brewed tea;
• Soda and bread kvass;
• Chocolate and chocolate candies;
• Chicory drinks;
• Alcohol;
• Nuts and seeds;
• Ginger and hot spices;
• All kinds of sauces, mayonnaise, mustard, horseradish
• lard;
• Margarine, shortening and salted butter.

When preparing a diet, it is mandatory to carry out diagnostics to determine the acidity level and secretory function of the stomach.General dietary recommendations and nutrition for gastritis with high and low acidity may differ significantly.

Diet No.1

This is a diet for gastritis with high acidity.Its purpose is to protect the mucous membrane from mechanical and chemical irritants.Foods that can stimulate the active production of gastric juice are excluded or limited.

Diet table number 1 imposes a taboo on coarse, spicy, "juice" foods, smoked foods and pickles.Dishes are best served pureed, steamed or boiled.Baking is allowed, but without crust.In addition to the prohibited items listed above, the list includes:

• Butter pastries, puff pastries;
• Porridges made from millet, corn, eggs and pearl barley;
• Borscht, cabbage soup;
• Greens - garlic, sorrel and spinach;
• Sour, unripe, fiber-rich berries and fruits;
• fried and boiled eggs;
• Kefir and fermented baked milk;
• All kinds of citrus fruits.

The diet is complete, it contains the optimal amount of substances necessary for the normal functioning of human organs and systems and improving the condition of the stomach.

Diet No.2

It was developed for the diet of patients with hypoacid gastritis.This form of the disease is accompanied by a decrease in the secretory function of the stomach.The purpose of the diet is to stimulate the secretory process, but at the same time protect the mucous membrane from mechanical irritants.Products that can cause fermentation processes in the stomach and intestines, as well as dishes that are difficult to digest and take a long time, are prohibited.Foods with various chopped ingredients and different methods of preparation are allowed - stewed, stewed, baked, moderately fried.Fiber-rich vegetables and fruits are shown in grated form.

What not to do for low acid gastritis:

• Pearl barley, millet, corn and barley porridge – limited;
• Milk soups;
• First dishes of peas and beans;
• Tough, fibrous meats and poultry;
• salted and smoked fish;
• Raw, ungrated vegetables;
• Rough fruits and berries in raw form;
• Dates and figs;
• Sour cream, dairy products with high acid content - limited;
• Hard boiled egg.

Diets are prescribed during the period of exacerbation of the disease.As the inflammatory processes subside, they gradually switch to their normal but rational diet.Restrictions still apply to products that can cause exacerbation and aggravation of pathology in the stomach.

Gastritis is one of the few pathologies that can be treated with a well-designed diet.You should be patient, reconsider your lifestyle and pay more attention to your own health.